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Today, we wanted to give information about the history of firearms, which are being used treacherously. Here are the details…
The Invention and History of Firearms
Although there is not a lot of information about the history and development of firearms, the information has often been doubtful due to the lack of research on the subject and the lack of clear sources.
For the starting point in the formation of firearms, it can be said that saltpeter (potassium nitrate), which is formed as a result of the decay of some waste organic materials, is used as a flammable explosive substance with some mixtures.
When the first occurrence of gunpowder is examined, it is seen that it was used neither as a war tool nor as a combustible material. It occurred as a result of the efforts of alchemists to find the elixir, which is the essence of everything, with mystical beliefs.
It was unthinkable for the centralist rulers of the period, who were looking for easier attack and defense methods against their enemies from afar, to use this new invention as a war tool, with the explosive, flammable and throwing properties of the mixture of saltpeter and sulfur and charcoal that make up gunpowder.
It would not be wrong to say that the discovery of black powder in the modern sense and the emergence of the first firearm, the cannon, albeit primitive, coincided with the same period. Because the ball is based on the system of throwing the gas formed by the combustion of the bullet in the tube-shaped barrel at a high speed.
It was known that gunpowder was used for a long time as a combustible and noise generator with various targets, before it emerged as a salah by the Chinese. But XIII. It is known that the Chinese used the first examples of gunpowder humbaras, which made a terrible sound and fire, and that they put masses of various hard particles mixed with gunpowder, which they put in thick papers or hard and solid metals as bombs, on the enemy by hand or with catapults.
The Chinese did not know for a long time that the gases formed by the expansion of gunpowder ejected various objects, as well as scattering shrapnel-like particles placed in these objects. It didn’t take long for the gunpowder and cannon-fired mechanisms to be used in metal pipes. After the Arabs, Mongols and Indians, the merchants and travelers who traveled to the exotic east told of what they saw on their return to their countries. and XIV. In the centuries, it caused the Europeans to recognize the flammable and explosive properties of gunpowder.
It is known that the first studies on gunpowder in Europe were by the English priest Roger Bacon (1219-1292) and the German priest Barthold Schwantz (1310-1348). Roger Bacon, in his work titled “Concerning the Marveleous of art and nature and concerning the mullity of magic”, which he wrote in 1252, described the method and formula of refining the substances in the combination of black gunpowder. It was known that Barthold Sachwantz opened a workshop in Venice in 1377, designed bronze cannons and made some studies on black gunpowder as well as cannon casting.
According to known documents, the first use of firearms in Europe was in the XIII. It is possible to take it to the second half of the century. It is known that gunpowder guns known as “sclopi” were used in the town of Forti in Italy in 1284.
In 1313, it was learned that there were records of the first cannon samples used with gunpowder in the town of Ghant in France. It shows two officers of the Florence city council using brass cannons firing iron cannons on February 11, 1326, to have cannons cast and manufactured for the protection of the republic.
The first gunpowder guns were made of wrought iron or cast iron in the form of a vase. These were weapons called “potsde-fers” that launched arrow or spear-shaped objects.
After the use of these first firearms, different sizes and types of iron or bronze cannons, rifles and pistols that fire with wick, spring, flint, encapsulated and needle mechanisms starting from the archebus, and machine guns, formed the stages in the development of firearms in parallel with the historical development of gunpowder and the needs of war technology. .
We gave you information about the invention and history of firearms. Do not forget to share your questions and thoughts on this subject, as well as in the comments…
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